
White House Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt publicly rebuked Pope Leo after he condemned U.S. military action and warned that God does not hear the prayers of those responsible, intensifying the public exchange with the Vatican. The controversy over religious symbolism and official responses has added to perceptions that the administration is mixing faith and policy. A historical overview of papal confrontations with world leaders places these sharp exchanges in a longer tradition of friction between spiritual and temporal authorities.
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