
Astronomers have identified a new class of exoplanet with L 98-59 d: a molten world with a sulfur-rich atmosphere that defies existing categories and challenges models of formation, geology, and atmospheric chemistry. That discovery stretched theories about what exoplanet atmospheres can look like, and the finding of twin 'super-puff' planets — extremely low-density, gas-dominated worlds — further widens the known diversity of planets. Together these results force modelers to account for very different evolutionary pathways, from molten surfaces to massive, tenuous envelopes and rapid atmospheric loss.
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